Evaluation of nitrate removal efficiency from aqueous solutions using modified biochar derived from coffee husk
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https://doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.105.2025.75-82Keywords:
Adsorption; Biochar; Coffee husk; Nitrate (NO₃⁻)-Abstract
This study presents the fabrication and evaluation of the nitrate adsorption capacity of modified biochar derived from coffee husk. The coffee husks were initially pyrolyzed at 350 °C for 1 hour, then soaked in 1 M KOH solution for 24 hours, followed by a second pyrolysis step at 700 °C for 2 hours. The resulting biochar was characterized using FT-IR, BET, and SEM techniques, and its nitrate removal efficiency from aqueous solutions was investigated. The highest nitrate removal efficiency (82.38%) was achieved under the following conditions: pH 3, biochar dosage of 1,5 g/100 mL, nitrate concentration of 50 mg/L, and reaction time of 210 minutes. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model were applied to describe the adsorption behavior, showing good agreement with the experimental data.
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